Hello, this is the ShimaSuki editorial department.Japan is home to both Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples, each with its own history, customs, and religious significance. For visitors unfamiliar with Japanese culture, distinguishing between the two can be challenging. This guide explores the differences between shrines and temples, their key features, and proper etiquette when visiting these sacred sites.
1. Understanding Shinto Shrines (Jinja)
Shinto shrines are places of worship in Japan’s indigenous religion, Shinto. Shinto focuses on nature, spirits (kami), and the purification of life. Shrines serve as sacred spaces where people can pray for good fortune, health, and protection.
Key Features of a Shinto Shrine
- Torii Gate: A large wooden or stone gate at the entrance, symbolizing the transition from the secular to the sacred.
- Komainu (Guardian Lion-Dogs): Statues placed at the entrance to ward off evil spirits.
- Purification Fountain (Temizuya): Visitors rinse their hands and mouth before entering to cleanse themselves spiritually.
- Main Hall (Honden): The most sacred part of the shrine, where the deity (kami) is enshrined.
- Ema Plaques: Small wooden plaques where visitors write wishes or prayers.
- Omikuji (Fortune Papers): Strips of paper with written fortunes, which can be tied to a designated area if the fortune is bad.
How to Worship at a Shinto Shrine
- Purify Yourself: Use the temizuya to rinse your hands and mouth.
- Approach the Main Hall: Throw a coin into the offering box as a symbolic gesture.
- Bow Twice, Clap Twice, Bow Once: This traditional sequence is used to show respect and communicate with the kami.
2. Understanding Buddhist Temples (Tera)
Buddhist temples are places of worship dedicated to Buddha and various bodhisattvas. Unlike Shinto shrines, temples are primarily focused on meditation, prayer, and the pursuit of enlightenment.
Key Features of a Buddhist Temple
- Sanmon (Temple Gate): A grand entrance symbolizing the transition from worldly concerns to spiritual enlightenment.
- Buddha Statues: Statues of Buddha or bodhisattvas are found in the main hall.
- Incense Burner (Jokoro): Visitors light incense to purify themselves and offer prayers.
- Pagoda: A multi-tiered tower often found in temples, symbolizing Buddhist teachings.
- Cemetery: Many temples have cemeteries where ancestors are honored and memorial services are held.
How to Worship at a Buddhist Temple
- Bow Slightly Before Entering: A sign of respect upon arrival.
- Light Incense: Waft the smoke towards yourself as a form of spiritual purification.
- Pray Quietly: You may place your hands together in a prayer position without clapping.
- Make a Donation: Toss a small offering into the donation box.
- Bow Again Before Leaving: A gesture of gratitude and respect.
Main Differences Between Shrines and Temples
| Feature | Shinto Shrine (Jinja) | Buddhist Temple (Tera) |
|---|---|---|
| Religion | Shintoism | Buddhism |
| Main Symbol | Torii Gate | Sanmon Gate |
| Worship Style | Clapping and bowing | Silent prayer |
| Deities | Kami (Spirits) | Buddha, Bodhisattvas |
| Priests/Monks | Shinto Priests | Buddhist Monks |
Proper Etiquette for Visiting
Do’s
✔ Dress Modestly: Avoid wearing revealing clothing, as these are sacred places.
✔ Follow Rituals: Observe and follow the purification and worship steps.
✔ Be Respectful: Keep noise levels low and behave appropriately.
✔ Ask Before Taking Photos: Some areas prohibit photography.
Don’ts
✘ Do Not Walk in the Center of Pathways: The center is reserved for deities in shrines.
✘ Do Not Touch Sacred Objects: Avoid touching statues, altars, or other religious artifacts.
✘ Do Not Eat or Drink in Sacred Areas: Consumption of food is usually discouraged.
5. Conclusion
Understanding the differences between Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples enhances the experience of visiting these cultural landmarks. Both sites offer a glimpse into Japan’s rich spiritual traditions and provide an opportunity for reflection and appreciation. By following proper etiquette, visitors can show respect and fully enjoy the beauty and serenity of Japan’s religious heritage.
